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You cannot partition a volume. You must partition a drive (device). To do so, click on the drive itself, located just above the partition you selected on the sidebar ("Samsung Portable...").
Then, you can partition the disk.
Edit: Back all data you want to keep up and Erase the disk as GPT (GUID Partition Table). Newer versions of DU for some reason don't ...
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The partition looks right. Did you go through the BootCamp creator to create the installation media? Drivers for the Disk Controller are added to the installation media by BootCamp.
See https://discussions.apple.com/thread/8276897 for an explanation.
See https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201468 for Apple's official instructions.
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Your APFS container is not the maximum size it can be.
You can expand the container to all the available free space using
diskutil apfs resizeContainer disk0s2 0
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How to convert your drive to APFS:
Restart the Mac into Recovery Mode.
Launch Disk utility.
Click-select your named boot volume. (Not the physical drive above it.)
Click "Deactivate" Toolbar item. <- This enables the Menu item below!
Select "Convert to APFS" from the Edit menu.
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