The cause of my issue seems straightforward: I enabled BitLocker on a MacBook Pro, early 2015 model which out-of-the-factory is only available with an Intel processor. That having been said - and someone, anyone can correct me if or when I'm wrong? - Bitlocker could not be implemented through the TPM, presumably because my Windows OS operates as the slave volume and alterations with the TPM are impossible given File Vault is installed on the MacOS partition. Or, alternately, neither of the partitions interact, beyond the Bootcamp Assistant.

I am unaware of whether or not the TPM comes factory installed on a MacBook Intel processor though, of course, the inverse is true for most modern if not all factory-shipped Windows machine. I am mentioning the TPM assuming that it's somehow involved with my inability to push updates - though this could be an irrelevant. Just a shot in the dark.

Either way, since installing BitLocker, if either by coincidence or cause, I have been unable to install the next available Windows update; I believe it's stuck back on a failed execution step in the process of an attempted upgrade to 20H2. I doubt the update version is relevant though. I have attempted the update using PowerShell, thinking it will offer a surefire method given it operates with more elevated privilege or system control, but PowerShell failed on the update as well. I have also attempted the update in Safe Mode, which also fails.

If logs are needed for proper analysis and a consequent solution, please advise which output is needed from the given log or logs and I will post it accordingly. I have little-to-no interest in removing BitLocker before an additional upgrade attempt. For that reason, any advice involving that step may not be the best here unless it's the one-and-only solution.