I think your question is about retrieving the data on your iPhone. This will be kind of hard if you can't access your screen.
First, you will need to connect your iPhone to your Windows or Mac computer with iTunes installed on it. You will see a prompt on your iPhone to allow the computer to access data on the iPhone. Click allow and enter your passcode. Then, you will need to take a Full Backup in the General options shown. Make sure that you encrypt the backup if you want Health and HomeKit data.
Once the backup is complete, it will be stored locally on your laptop.
If you get a new iOS device, then you can choose to transfer the data directly from the iPhone or you can restore from a backup.
You can try connecting a Bluetooth or USB keyboard to enter your Passcode if your screen will not work.
Good luck!