Short answer is No. But....
Overall guide is the Apple Platform Security Guide - the PDF linked at the bottom is as complete as it gets.
For a developer the starting point is Apple Developer.
Here are macOS Release Notes.
The WWDC is where Apple presents new features to developers. Some of this is security related - more in some years than others.
On your issue, I can launch apps with open /System/Applications/xxx.app from the command line. I imagine your app needs to be granted a particular permission - others may be able to help you there.