In case it helps others, as recommended by [@nohillside](https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/460411/how-do-you-get-text-from-an-image-to-the-clipboard-on-macos?noredirect=1#comment675498_460411), navigate to the image file in finder, and press <kbd>space</kbd> to open it with QuickLook, then text can be copied/pasted (if you open with Preview, it won't be, so don't do that).