The `time` you use in your question is not a command, but rather a _reserved word_ in [tag:zsh]. It can be used in two different ways and its output can be customized through the `$TIMEFMT` parameter. There is also an _external command_ `time` on macOS, which produces slightly different output. ## Just `time` If you use `time` by itself (as shown in your question), then your current shell will report time statistics for itself and its children: * `shell` represents the shell in which you executed your `time` statement. `children` is a summary of all running processes started from (and still owned by) that shell. * `user` and `system` show the amount of CPU seconds the above processes spent in [user mode and kernel mode](https://blog.codinghorror.com/understanding-user-and-kernel-mode/), respectively. * `cpu` shows the combined values of `user` and `system`, as a percentage of total CPU time. `total` shows how long ago the shell or its oldest child process was started (here in minutes:seconds.fraction). ## `time <command>` More often, `time` is added before a command. If you use it that way, then the shell will report time statistics for that command only: ```zsh % time sleep 0 sleep 0 0.00s user 0.00s system 43% cpu 0.007 total % ``` `total` here is the number of seconds it took for the command to complete. ## Customizing `time` output `time`'s output can be customized by setting the [`$TIMEFMT` parameter](https://zsh.sourceforge.io/Doc/Release/Parameters.html#index-TIMEFMT). For example, we can add memory usage: ```zsh % TIMEFMT+=' max RSS %M' % time shell 0.22s user 0.10s system 53% cpu 0.601 total max RSS 6120 children 0.11s user 0.16s system 45% cpu 0.601 total max RSS 3056 % time sleep 0 sleep 0 0.00s user 0.00s system 61% cpu 0.003 total max RSS 580 % ``` ## External Command `time` The external command `time` can be used as follows: ```zsh % command time % command time sleep 0 0.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys % command time -p sleep 0 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys 0.00 % command time -l sleep 0 # Add memory usage 0.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys 585728 maximum resident set size 0 average shared memory size 0 average unshared data size 0 average unshared stack size 160 page reclaims 0 page faults 0 swaps 0 block input operations 0 block output operations 0 messages sent 0 messages received 0 signals received 0 voluntary context switches 1 involuntary context switches 2198249 instructions retired 3195521 cycles elapsed 237568 peak memory footprint % ``` `real` here is the same as `total`, above.