You didn't create any partition. Instead the MBR got bogus by using GParted. Additionally the recovery partition wasn't moved properly. But this a different problem.
Instead of the MBR you should have a pMBR. After removing the bogus MBR you have to destroy and recreate the GUID partition table:
Boot to Internet Recovery Mode
Open Terminal in the menubar Utilities -> Terminal
Get an overview (especially the gpt command is important!):
diskutil list gpt -r show disk0
Unmount disk0:
diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk0
Delete the MBR:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/disk0 bs=512 count=1
Destroy the GUID partition table and create a new one (this also creates a fresh pMBR):
gpt destroy disk0 gpt create -f disk0
Rebuild all previous GUID partitions:
gpt add -i 1 -b 40 -s 409600 -t C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B disk0 gpt add -i 3 -b 488965176 -s 1269536 -t 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC disk0 gpt add -i 2 -b 409640 -s 409602008 -t 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC disk0
If you get a resource busy error after one of the steps, just unmount disk0 again with
diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk0
Check the disk with diskutil verifyDisk disk0
afterwards.
Enter diskutil cs list
and check if all four CoreStorage containers appear: a Logical Volume Group, a Physical Volume and Logical Volume Family and a Logical Volume.
With the UUID of the Logical Volume mount the LV:
Example:
+-> Logical Volume 9A7B21AA-F9FE-4E65-8C7E-ED2A73744C15
---------------------------------------------------
Disk: disk2
Status: Online
Then use:
diskutil mount 9A7B21AA-F9FE-4E65-8C7E-ED2A73744C15
Then after getting the disk identifier of the mounted LV with diskutil list
verify the volume:
diskutil verifyVolume disk17 # probably it's disk16, disk17 or disk18
If the Logical Volume doesn't appear or if the disk verification fails, report back and leave a comment.