By adjusting the sudoers file (/etc/sudoers) with sudo visudo it should be possible to accomplish this. It is a hell of a job and you need a profound knowledge of all commands to fine-tune this while avoiding errors and loopholes though.
You have to add the user to the User privilege specification section
...
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL
...
Then use a whitelist (or a blacklist) of allowed (or disallowed) commands:
Examples:
whitelist
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL
user ALL=/usr/bin/nano,/usr/bin/opensnoop
blacklist
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL
user ALL=!/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy,!/usr/bin/passwd,!/usr/sbin/*
You may mix whitelist and blacklist.
Please check man sudoers how to simplify things or narrow things down by configuring User, Runas, Host and Cmnd alias specifications.
Check the accepted answer to the question How to prevent sudo users from running specific commands? for the pitfalls of configuring a simple command like rnano in the sudoers file.