$ fc-list : file family |grep \/Library
grepping /Library filters out a bunch of fonts in /usr/X11*, which are only used by X11. Considering your example, I assume you would prefer the OS X specific ones. If I'm incorrect in this assumption, simply take out everything after family.
That command returns many many lines on it's own, here is a handful of interesting ones I saw in the list:
/System/Library/Fonts/AppleGothic.ttf: AppleGothic
/Library/Fonts/Apple LiGothic Medium.ttf: Apple LiGothic
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Braille Pinpoint 8 Dot.ttf: Apple Braille
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Braille Outline 6 Dot.ttf: Apple Braille
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Symbols.ttf: Apple Symbols
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Braille Pinpoint 6 Dot.ttf: Apple Braille
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Braille.ttf: Apple Braille
/Library/Fonts/AppleMyungjo.ttf: AppleMyungjo
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Braille Outline 8 Dot.ttf: Apple Braille
/Library/Fonts/Apple LiSung Light.ttf: Apple LiSung
/Library/Fonts/Apple Chancery.ttf: Apple Chancery
/System/Library/Fonts/Apple Color Emoji.ttf: Apple Color Emoji,Apple 彩色表情> 符號,Apple farve-emoji,Apple Farben-Emoji,Applen väri-emoji,Apple Emoji couleur,Colore Emoji Apple,Apple カラー絵文字,Apple 컬러 이모티콘,Apple Kleur-Emoji,Apple farge-emoji,Apple Emoji em Cores,Цветные эмодзи Apple,Apple färg-emoji,Apple 彩色表情符号,لون,Apple Emoji color
/Library/Fonts/Comic Sans MS.ttf: Comic Sans MS
/Library/Fonts/Microsoft/MS Gothic.ttf: MS Gothic,MS ゴシック
/Library/Fonts/Microsoft/Stencil: Stencil
/Library/Fonts/Microsoft/Verdana: Verdana
/Library/Fonts/Microsoft/Georgia: Georgia
/Library/Fonts/Microsoft/Onyx: Onyx