It's indeed impossible to create a third regular partition in Disk Utility.
The +-button is greyed out (please check the screenshot below):
The superior HDD is my CoreStorage Volume Group, the inferior HDD is my CoreStorage Volume (spanning over disk1s2 and disk2s2) and HDD 2 is a simple JHFS+ non-CoreStorage volume.
The complete volume list and the partition table of disk1 looks like this:
root# diskutil list
/dev/disk0
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *3.0 TB disk0
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk0s1
2: Apple_HFS test1 1.5 TB disk0s2
3: Apple_HFS test2 1.5 TB disk0s3
/dev/disk1
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *68.7 GB disk1
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk1s1
2: Apple_CoreStorage 33.1 GB disk1s2
3: Apple_Boot Recovery HD 650.0 MB disk1s5
4: Apple_HFS HDD 2 34.7 GB disk1s4
/dev/disk2
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *17.2 GB disk2
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk2s1
2: Apple_CoreStorage 16.8 GB disk2s2
3: Apple_Boot Boot OS X 134.2 MB disk2s3
/dev/disk3
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: Apple_HFS HDD *47.3 GB disk3
root# gpt -r -vv show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: mediasize=68719476736; sectorsize=512; blocks=134217728
gpt show: /dev/disk1: PMBR at sector 0
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Pri GPT at sector 1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Sec GPT at sector 134217727
start size index contents
0 1 PMBR
1 1 Pri GPT header
2 32 Pri GPT table
34 6
40 409600 1 GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
409640 64562272 2 GPT part - 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
64971912 1269536 3 GPT part - 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
66241448 67714096 4 GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
133955544 262151
134217695 32 Sec GPT table
134217727 1 Sec GPT header
After booting to another boot disk and deleting HDD 2 (disk1s4), I added two new partitions (hdd2 and hdd3) instead with gpt add...
(check screenshot below)
The partition table of the same disk (the DiskIdentifier changed meanwhile from disk1 to disk0):
root$ gpt -r -vv show /dev/disk0
Password:
gpt show: /dev/disk0: mediasize=68719476736; sectorsize=512; blocks=134217728
gpt show: /dev/disk0: PMBR at sector 0
gpt show: /dev/disk0: Pri GPT at sector 1
gpt show: /dev/disk0: Sec GPT at sector 134217727
start size index contents
0 1 PMBR
1 1 Pri GPT header
2 32 Pri GPT table
34 6
40 409600 1 GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
409640 64562272 2 GPT part - 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
64971912 1269536 3 GPT part - 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
66241448 158552
66400000 30000000 4 GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
96400000 200000
96600000 30000000 5 GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
126600000 7617695
134217695 32 Sec GPT table
134217727 1 Sec GPT header
Result:
Apple is right: you can't add a third volume with Disk Utility. But it's no problem to add a second and a third (and probably even some more) regular JHFS+ volume from the command line booted from another boot disk.
The reason why Apple doesn't allow to add more volumes in Disk Utility is beyond my knowledge.